The ever-evolving world of automotive technology is ushering in a new era for wiring systems. Traditional methods are being replaced by more advanced and effective solutions, with Automotive Ethernet leading the charge. As our vehicles become more complex with features such as autonomous driving including, advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), infotainment systems, and improved connectivity, having a fast and dependable communication network is essential to implementing these features.
In the past, cars used complex wire networks such as Controller Area Network (CAN) bus to connect electronic components for communication. As car systems advanced, it became clear that traditional wiring had limitations in supporting new consumer demands. CAN networks have disadvantages compared to an Ethernet topology such as bandwidth, cable length, and data rate. While these were more than sufficient for vehicles in the past, today’s market demands what CAN cannot provide. To overcome this, researchers explored alternative solutions for better data transfer, increased bandwidth, and improved dependability. New customer features such as blind spot warning detection and assisted parking have become possible thanks to these advancements. These have not only made driving safer but have eased the burden of the driver as well.
Automotive Ethernet, inspired by the standard Ethernet in computer networks, is a crucial advancement in vehicle communication. Tailored to meet the automotive industry's needs, it utilizes a robust twisted-pair wiring system for rapid data transfer, surpassing one gigabit per second (Gbps) which marks a substantial improvement over earlier versions. Not only does ethernet come with the advantages mentioned above, but this simplified wiring makes fabrication and installation into the vehicle much simpler.
Several automakers have been exploring the possibility of incorporating ethernet into their vehicles. GM, for example, has been one of the pioneers in investigating the possibilities and has integrated ethernet into some of their vehicle systems. Tesla also recently showcased their ability to implement the ethernet communication system into their Cybertruck (CT). Instead of running separate wire harnesses to the speaker, amplifier, window motor, and other components they were able to daisy-chain them together on the same interface. A daisy chain wires multiple devices together in a ring, minimizing cable clutter and allowing an easier set up. These improvements have made the CT more affordable and future proofed, where additional services could be added throughout the life of the vehicle. This also allowed Tesla to cut down wiring in the CT by 77%. This is significant because one of the largest concerns with EV’s is range anxiety and if you can cut down the weight of the vehicle, this would allow longer driving distances between charges.
You may be left wondering why widespread adoption of ethernet has not happened yet and is only just beginning. Like with all emerging technologies, there are some challenges to implementing and validating ethernet. Some of these include ensuring compatibility with existing in-vehicle structures, addressing electromagnetic interference issues, and establishing industry-wide standards. Looking forward, Automotive Ethernet is expected to play a significant role in advancing connected and self-driving vehicles. As the automotive industry continues to undergo a digital transformation, the adoption of high-performance communication networks like Automotive Ethernet will be crucial in shaping the future of mobility. Despite the challenges with design, implementation, and validation EDAG Group is taking additional steps to ensure that we have the knowledge and tools to help our clients incorporate automotive ethernet technology into their upcoming vehicles.
Contact
Tobias Behrend
Director of Electrics/Electronics – EDAG US
tobias.behrend(at)edag.com